Millions of law-abiding Illinoisans own one or more firearms, with many citing recreation and self-defense as their top reasons for firearm ownership. The state maintains strict regulations that govern who can purchase firearms, where they can be brought, and how they should be stored. Illinois gun laws are designed to keep state residents safe and to ensure gun rights are balanced with public safety concerns.
Understanding gun crime laws and other gun-related laws can help you avoid inadvertently committing a crime and needing the help of a gun crime attorney.
Must-Know Basics About Gun Laws in Illinois
Illinois firearm regulations begin with the FOID card requirement: over 2.4 million residents, about 19% of the state’s 12.7 million population, hold a valid permit to purchase or possess ammunition and firearms in accordance with the law.
Concealed carry requires a separate CCL (Concealed Carry License). State law also bans assault-style rifles and limits magazine capacity. Transporting firearms in vehicles comes with strict rules: unloaded, secured, and separated from ammunition unless you have a CCL.
Safe storage is mandatory when children or unauthorized individuals could access the weapon. Violations can result in criminal charges or civil liability. Cases involving firearms may be adjudicated in courts like the Cook County Criminal Court and the Madison County Courthouse in Edwardsville.
Karina’s Law was signed into law in February 2025. The law requires law enforcement to confiscate firearms within 96 hours from individuals under domestic violence protective orders.
Common Gun Law Violations and How to Avoid Them
Many gun violations stem from seemingly minor mistakes, like failing to renew a FOID, carrying without a CCL, or improper transport. With 1,798 total firearm deaths in 2022 (1,091 homicides), Illinois enforces these laws strictly.
Other frequent issues include owning banned assault weapons, exceeding magazine limits, and unsafe storage in homes with minors. Even unintentional possession, such as a friend leaving a weapon in your vehicle, can lead to criminal charges.
Before traveling with a gun to Springfield, Rockford, or Champaign, check local ordinances. Regularly verify your FOID and CCL status, follow transport guidelines, use lockboxes, and educate household members on firearm safety. Taking these steps can help you avoid criminal charges while protecting your legal rights.
